| Summary |
Previous studies have pointed out that the driver's evasive maneuver is one of the main factors affecting the outcome of the event. However, limited by the completeness of the data, it is difficult to know the details before and during the occurrence of the dangerous event. Therefore, most of them only use macroscopic analysis to discuss. This study believes that driver's evasive maneuver will vary in different situations, so more micro-information is needed to fully discuss the impact of driver evasive maneuver on event outcomes. In addition, vehicle designs are diverse as emerging technologies develop. Whether different types of vehicle designs will impact driver's perceptions is worth our attention. Therefore, this study conducted a micro-analysis in units of events by using the concept of crash sequence to understand the impact of evasive maneuvers on crash and the impact of vehicle attributes on driver’s PT.
This study uses the NDS data of SHRP2 in the United States to explore the driving behavior in the real road situation for the rear-end event. As for vehicle attribute analysis, the linear regression model and mixed-effects model are used to analyze the influence of preceding vehicle attributes and vehicle design on PT. And the probit model is used to explore the factors of evasive maneuvers. Besides, according to the concept of crash sequence, generalized structural equation modeling is conducted to explore the influence of evasion maneuvers on the outcome of the crash.
This study found that the linear and array design of the front vehicle's brake lights can reduce the rear driver's PT. Drivers' gender, experience, the urgency of the event, or whether there is an evasion space will affect drivers' evasion maneuvers. When driving on the highway, the accident rate is higher if there is no evasion space around and the driver uses lateral evasion; elderly drivers are more likely to be involved in this situation. On the contrary, the accident rate would be low if there is no evasion space around and the driver uses lateral evasion when driving on a non-highway, but it is easy to put other cars in danger. Male drivers are more likely to have this driving behavior, and middle-aged (24-64 years old) behave more seriously.
In conclusion, the accident generation mechanism proposed in this study can better explain the crash occurrence process. It is possible to reduce the chances of crashes with the assistance of ADAS or pre-education. In addition, vehicle manufacturers and consumers can refer to the results of this study when manufacturing and purchasing vehicles |
