Title A Study on On-board Measurements of Fuel Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Scooters Less Than 150 c.c.
Dept Transportation Planning and Land Transport Division
Year 2013
Month
Price
Summary Global climate change calls on countries worldwide to formulate effective programs for reducing emissions of greenhouse gases. For effective and efficient implementation of various action plans for energy conservation and reduction of greenhouse gas emissions proposed by the transportation sector, it is necessary to build a comprehensive database of, as well as an estimate model for, vehicle fuel consumption rate and CO2 emission rate.

　　Since 2007 the Institute of Transportation has conducted a series of research entitled ‘Dynamic Fuel Consumption of Vehicles and Characteristics of Greenhouse Gas Emissions.” The objects of research included small automobiles, large buses and scooters. Experiments and analyses were conducted with real vehicles to gain an understanding of vehicle dynamic fuel consumption and emission characteristics among different types of vehicles. A localized database was established to provide the government with a basis for policy analysis and subsequent studies. Between 2007 and 2011 studies were conducted on the dynamic fuel consumption of small automobiles and large buses and their emission characteristics. From 2011 to 2012 tests with real vehicles and analyses of experiments were conducted with scooters, the main transportation choice to the citizens in urban areas, in order to establish an estimate model for dynamic fuel consumption/emissions of scooters. It is expected that the research findings will make a great contribution to the management of scooters and help enhance the effectiveness of energy conservation and carbon reduction in urban areas.

　　This year is the first year of the research on the scooters. Specific research findings are as follows:

The project team used the new technology of On-board Emissions Measurement Systems to collect 278,000 data entries regarding fuel consumption/emissions of scooters. The relationship between speed and fuel consumption was established, so was that between the curves of and the model for the values of CO2 emissions, in order to estimate fuel consumption and CO2 emissions of scooters when operated on different road types.
The curves showed a significant difference in fuel consumption and CO2 emissions with different emission-standard scooters when operated on two-lane undivided roadways; the higher the speed the bigger the difference. Thus, discussion about possible strategies for eliminating the old scooters should be prioritized when considering the areas with heavy traffic flow in the urban areas, so as to enhance fuel economy and reduce the total amount of CO2 emissions.
The curves of dynamic fuel consumption vs. emissions established by this research showed a flat trend when scooters were operated with a speed over 30 KPH; when they were operated between 5-30KPH, their fuel consumption varied significantly according to their speeds, which indicated less economical fuel consumption/emissions when scooters were operated with low speed. If traffic management measures are well used to control the speed of scooters at above 30 KPH when operated, better results of energy conservation and carbon reduction will be obtained.
Via the observations on tests with real vehicles, it is found that scooter riders tended to lower their speeds when seeing red lights ahead, which drastically increased fuel consumption and CO2 emissions. As for the issue of “idling stop,” different situations were evaluated. Initial results showed that the implementation of idling stop can reduce about over 3% to 13% of the total amount of fuel consumption. However, the increased fuel consumption due to restart after the idling stop should be taken into consideration so that an overall performance can be evaluated.
Post date 2013/07/04
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